Oregon Arrest and Race Analysis
Russell_Corey
December 14, 2022
Intro
This project investigates racial disparities in police arrests in Oregon utilizing open source data. The source code and data for this project is hosted at Github
Data
The two data sources used are the “Uniform Crime Reporting” Offenses data and the Oregon 2020 Census data from Portland University.
Crime Data
The crime reporting data set is accessible directly from
https://www.oregon.gov/osp/Pages/Uniform-Crime-Reporting-Data.aspx
Population Data
The Oregon census data can be found at the website
Methodology
First arrest data is loaded with OpenData-Arrests.r which reads in the corresponding data source data/OpenData-Arrests.r. The arrests are then grouped by police agency and race.
Next, census data is loaded using City_data_2020.r which reads data/City_data_2020.xlsx.
Then using Arrests_and_Census.r and the table data/agencies_cities_map_cities_only.csv the names of police departments are joined to the city names in City_data_2020. Only cities with corresponding police departments are kept.
Then using the race demographics in the census data, the percentage of each race population is calculated for each city. Then the percentage of each police department’s arrests are for each race. Then the percentage of arrests for each race is subtracted by the corresponding race population percentage for each police department/city.
Results
| city | black_diff | latino_diff | native_diff | pacific_diff | asian_diff | other_diff |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Portland city | 0.1862276 | 0.0078308 | 0.0107059 | 0.0027849 | -0.0439159 | 0.0032684 |
| Gresham city | 0.1664383 | 0.0219602 | 0.0068277 | 0.0025233 | -0.0217362 | 0.0119291 |
| Tigard city | 0.1014884 | -0.0283566 | 0.0096069 | 0.0074583 | -0.0449658 | 0.0510874 |
| Beaverton city | 0.0943342 | 0.0597022 | 0.0047942 | 0.0031032 | -0.0785443 | 0.0277005 |
| Durham city | 0.0892667 | 0.0138806 | 0.0027528 | -0.0125612 | -0.0097192 | 0.0127494 |
| Tualatin city | 0.0659328 | 0.0279002 | 0.0057392 | 0.0369927 | -0.0140809 | 0.0478106 |
Result Visualiazion
Map plots of each racial bias
Black arrest bias map.
Correlation Analysis
We want to inspect potential correlations between racial population density and arrest biases. First we will inspect the data to see what type of correlations we may want to perform.
From the QQ plots we see most of the data series are not normally distributed. See Appendix A3 for all the plots. So we will perform a Spearman’s correlation since the data does not meet the assumptions of the Pearson’s correlation test.
Spearman Correlation matrix
Closer inspection of data fields with statistically significant correlation values.
## `geom_smooth()` using formula 'y ~ x'
## `geom_smooth()` using formula 'y ~ x'
## `geom_smooth()` using formula 'y ~ x'
## `geom_smooth()` using formula 'y ~ x'
Sources
Oregon Crime Data
“Oregon State Police: Uniform Crime Reporting”
https://www.oregon.gov/osp/Pages/Uniform-Crime-Reporting-Data.aspxOregon Census Data
“Census Data for Oregon” Population Research Center
https://www.pdx.edu/population-research/census-data-oregon Direct link for data set:
https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1JrrmYiQUBPux8nnJ88epAAk9U5rbRDBDOregon Spatial Data Library
“Oregon Counties - 2015”
https://spatialdata.oregonexplorer.info/geoportal/details;id=361c06fee9de4e24a72e280fb386a771Appendi A1 Result Table
| city | black_diff | latino_diff | native_diff | pacific_diff | asian_diff | other_diff | white_diff |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albany city | 0.0235346 | -0.0225748 | -0.0038014 | -0.0016578 | -0.0061994 | 0.0056287 | 0.2675010 |
| Ashland city | 0.0287804 | -0.0377530 | -0.0027483 | 0.0008341 | -0.0121306 | 0.0055644 | 0.2054211 |
| Astoria city | 0.0246091 | -0.0044273 | -0.0058660 | -0.0000618 | -0.0078740 | 0.0176515 | 0.1896999 |
| Beaverton city | 0.0943342 | 0.0597022 | 0.0047942 | 0.0031032 | -0.0785443 | 0.0277005 | 0.1362175 |
| Canby city | 0.0372199 | 0.0242570 | -0.0032735 | 0.0006623 | -0.0086648 | 0.0306083 | 0.1886861 |
| Central Point city | 0.0232292 | -0.0417565 | -0.0030731 | 0.0000934 | -0.0033963 | 0.0153080 | 0.2834280 |
| Coos Bay city | 0.0113537 | -0.0327226 | -0.0004918 | -0.0002837 | -0.0120556 | 0.0021372 | 0.2742899 |
| Cornelius city | 0.0383482 | 0.0151796 | 0.0035645 | 0.0013763 | -0.0094403 | 0.0122736 | 0.2433302 |
| Corvallis city | 0.0443649 | -0.0084357 | 0.0030090 | -0.0009649 | -0.0750552 | 0.0128432 | 0.2065591 |
| Dallas city | 0.0240196 | 0.0081686 | -0.0060688 | 0.0031066 | -0.0049034 | 0.0704548 | 0.1586937 |
| Eugene city | 0.0596165 | -0.0498415 | 0.0018896 | -0.0020539 | -0.0296585 | 0.0025567 | 0.2342991 |
| Gladstone city | 0.0494311 | -0.0280064 | 0.0000348 | -0.0010644 | 0.0024778 | 0.0240082 | 0.1943604 |
| Grants Pass city | 0.0145665 | -0.0114476 | -0.0044706 | 0.0003052 | -0.0076889 | 0.0339558 | 0.2365622 |
| Gresham city | 0.1664383 | 0.0219602 | 0.0068277 | 0.0025233 | -0.0217362 | 0.0119291 | 0.0871984 |
| Hermiston city | 0.0307305 | 0.0322257 | 0.0129709 | -0.0005022 | -0.0060205 | 0.0024388 | 0.2539294 |
| Hillsboro city | 0.0554953 | 0.0871046 | 0.0052648 | 0.0010099 | -0.0872313 | 0.0149716 | 0.1875636 |
| Hood River city | 0.0113482 | 0.0096894 | 0.0581331 | 0.0018013 | -0.0148602 | 0.1523684 | 0.0585558 |
| Keizer city | 0.0350995 | 0.0274935 | -0.0013591 | 0.0022513 | -0.0062706 | 0.0583161 | 0.1618463 |
| La Grande city | 0.0130005 | -0.0158912 | -0.0024230 | 0.0060050 | -0.0011011 | 0.0060241 | 0.2537900 |
| Lake Oswego city | 0.0570853 | 0.0297677 | 0.0011374 | 0.0048689 | -0.0414114 | 0.0259404 | 0.1632883 |
| Lincoln City city | 0.0318133 | -0.0071992 | 0.0053254 | -0.0006271 | -0.0029885 | 0.0830687 | 0.0950904 |
| Medford city | 0.0445965 | -0.0700871 | -0.0011250 | -0.0005195 | -0.0126036 | 0.0064538 | 0.3046542 |
| Milwaukie city | 0.0586795 | -0.0460225 | 0.0043512 | 0.0039313 | -0.0062679 | 0.0372248 | 0.1646858 |
| Molalla city | 0.0063021 | -0.0595590 | -0.0028116 | 0.0027111 | -0.0056470 | 0.0339336 | 0.3367642 |
| Mount Angel city | 0.0262076 | 0.1819975 | -0.0012568 | 0.0100858 | -0.0018464 | 0.0224526 | 0.0400719 |
| Newberg city | 0.0341159 | 0.0547087 | 0.0003014 | 0.0029501 | -0.0059047 | 0.0019721 | 0.1728955 |
| Dundee city | 0.0381107 | 0.0648254 | 0.0012895 | 0.0029972 | -0.0009818 | 0.0015983 | 0.1602275 |
| Newport city | 0.0173853 | -0.0497564 | 0.0281345 | 0.0018585 | -0.0129405 | 0.1035567 | 0.1369959 |
| Ontario city | 0.0335197 | -0.2593192 | 0.0046066 | 0.0003095 | -0.0149590 | 0.0004991 | 0.5340982 |
| Oregon City city | 0.0374869 | -0.0092845 | -0.0004538 | 0.0026868 | -0.0063048 | 0.0230538 | 0.2232033 |
| Pendleton city | 0.0163515 | -0.0390412 | 0.1554541 | -0.0003400 | -0.0047501 | -0.0002120 | 0.1074707 |
| Philomath city | 0.0174354 | -0.0305506 | 0.0014618 | -0.0000849 | -0.0080880 | 0.0279369 | 0.2606744 |
| Phoenix city | 0.0059277 | -0.0745663 | -0.0013761 | 0.0007645 | -0.0108556 | 0.0090562 | 0.2880329 |
| Portland city | 0.1862276 | 0.0078308 | 0.0107059 | 0.0027849 | -0.0439159 | 0.0032684 | 0.0517027 |
| Reedsport city | 0.0142051 | -0.0255216 | 0.0157650 | 0.0071283 | -0.0045114 | 0.0577485 | 0.1595480 |
| Roseburg city | 0.0133484 | -0.0289021 | -0.0029518 | -0.0002265 | -0.0123026 | 0.0002127 | 0.2736122 |
| Salem city | 0.0563411 | -0.0084670 | 0.0012332 | 0.0069339 | -0.0151366 | 0.0214933 | 0.2044149 |
| Seaside city | 0.0270855 | -0.0470185 | -0.0027702 | 0.0003717 | -0.0126992 | 0.0843204 | 0.1758684 |
| Sherwood city | 0.0498899 | 0.0084380 | 0.0062639 | 0.0029227 | -0.0114661 | 0.0911312 | 0.1790307 |
| Springfield city | 0.0487531 | -0.0628282 | -0.0061947 | -0.0028633 | -0.0066975 | -0.0013783 | 0.2956348 |
| Stanfield city | 0.0085394 | -0.0111158 | 0.0211475 | 0.0004019 | -0.0009974 | 0.0026695 | 0.2797281 |
| Stayton city | 0.0098453 | -0.0336891 | -0.0067491 | 0.0011355 | -0.0052934 | 0.0390411 | 0.2854962 |
| Sweet Home city | 0.0090333 | -0.0232038 | -0.0077994 | -0.0002876 | -0.0038488 | 0.0096969 | 0.2966292 |
| Talent city | 0.0255452 | -0.0637843 | 0.0004927 | 0.0016790 | -0.0097823 | -0.0026910 | 0.2648731 |
| The Dalles city | 0.0096241 | -0.0051381 | 0.0468961 | 0.0015294 | -0.0048047 | 0.0158911 | 0.1899059 |
| Tigard city | 0.1014884 | -0.0283566 | 0.0096069 | 0.0074583 | -0.0449658 | 0.0510874 | 0.1541626 |
| Tualatin city | 0.0659328 | 0.0279002 | 0.0057392 | 0.0369927 | -0.0140809 | 0.0478106 | 0.0997649 |
| Umatilla city | 0.0061581 | -0.0036837 | 0.0011136 | 0.0029646 | -0.0036747 | 0.0046991 | 0.2440867 |
| Warrenton city | 0.0063395 | -0.0207092 | -0.0002464 | -0.0021121 | -0.0131457 | 0.0773312 | 0.2262403 |
| Durham city | 0.0892667 | 0.0138806 | 0.0027528 | -0.0125612 | -0.0097192 | 0.0127494 | 0.1808941 |
| West Linn city | 0.0509682 | 0.0245677 | 0.0092438 | 0.0106320 | -0.0222465 | 0.0401412 | 0.1687234 |
| Winston city | 0.0128316 | -0.0234045 | -0.0006675 | 0.0004046 | -0.0040518 | -0.0016611 | 0.2853488 |
| Woodburn city | 0.0114104 | 0.3098694 | -0.0015987 | 0.0000469 | -0.0030108 | 0.0052017 | -0.0307568 |
Appendex A2 Maps
Appendix A3 Arrest Biases Arranged
| city | asian_diff | asian_arrests_percnt | asian_percnt |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gladstone city | 0.0024778 | 0.0199531 | 0.0174752 |
| Dundee city | -0.0009818 | 0.0104450 | 0.0114268 |
| Stanfield city | -0.0009974 | 0.0022676 | 0.0032649 |
| La Grande city | -0.0011011 | 0.0078809 | 0.0089820 |
| Mount Angel city | -0.0018464 | 0.0034602 | 0.0053066 |
| Lincoln City city | -0.0029885 | 0.0150451 | 0.0180336 |
| Woodburn city | -0.0030108 | 0.0051005 | 0.0081113 |
| Central Point city | -0.0033963 | 0.0093952 | 0.0127915 |
| Umatilla city | -0.0036747 | 0.0010787 | 0.0047535 |
| Sweet Home city | -0.0038488 | 0.0007299 | 0.0045788 |
| Winston city | -0.0040518 | 0.0046593 | 0.0087111 |
| Reedsport city | -0.0045114 | 0.0040733 | 0.0085847 |
| Pendleton city | -0.0047501 | 0.0045444 | 0.0092944 |
| The Dalles city | -0.0048047 | 0.0056263 | 0.0104310 |
| Dallas city | -0.0049034 | 0.0041152 | 0.0090186 |
| Stayton city | -0.0052934 | 0.0022272 | 0.0075206 |
| Molalla city | -0.0056470 | 0.0014903 | 0.0071373 |
| Newberg city | -0.0059047 | 0.0104450 | 0.0163497 |
| Hermiston city | -0.0060205 | 0.0052950 | 0.0113155 |
| Albany city | -0.0061994 | 0.0086929 | 0.0148923 |
| Milwaukie city | -0.0062679 | 0.0161290 | 0.0223969 |
| Keizer city | -0.0062706 | 0.0102115 | 0.0164821 |
| Oregon City city | -0.0063048 | 0.0113147 | 0.0176195 |
| Springfield city | -0.0066975 | 0.0053961 | 0.0120936 |
| Grants Pass city | -0.0076889 | 0.0032581 | 0.0109469 |
| Astoria city | -0.0078740 | 0.0053860 | 0.0132600 |
| Philomath city | -0.0080880 | 0.0070522 | 0.0151402 |
| Canby city | -0.0086648 | 0.0025619 | 0.0112267 |
| Cornelius city | -0.0094403 | 0.0050548 | 0.0144950 |
| Durham city | -0.0097192 | 0.0247459 | 0.0344650 |
| Talent city | -0.0097823 | 0.0027933 | 0.0125756 |
| Phoenix city | -0.0108556 | 0.0021053 | 0.0129609 |
| Sherwood city | -0.0114661 | 0.0236439 | 0.0351100 |
| Coos Bay city | -0.0120556 | 0.0012694 | 0.0133250 |
| Ashland city | -0.0121306 | 0.0072046 | 0.0193352 |
| Roseburg city | -0.0123026 | 0.0010825 | 0.0133851 |
| Medford city | -0.0126036 | 0.0039302 | 0.0165338 |
| Seaside city | -0.0126992 | 0.0016367 | 0.0143359 |
| Newport city | -0.0129405 | 0.0036352 | 0.0165757 |
| Warrenton city | -0.0131457 | 0.0021482 | 0.0152939 |
| Tualatin city | -0.0140809 | 0.0200970 | 0.0341779 |
| Hood River city | -0.0148602 | 0.0027027 | 0.0175629 |
| Ontario city | -0.0149590 | 0.0005841 | 0.0155432 |
| Salem city | -0.0151366 | 0.0101063 | 0.0252428 |
| Gresham city | -0.0217362 | 0.0243394 | 0.0460756 |
| West Linn city | -0.0222465 | 0.0172084 | 0.0394549 |
| Eugene city | -0.0296585 | 0.0057553 | 0.0354139 |
| Lake Oswego city | -0.0414114 | 0.0203106 | 0.0617220 |
| Portland city | -0.0439159 | 0.0238033 | 0.0677192 |
| Tigard city | -0.0449658 | 0.0277895 | 0.0727553 |
| Corvallis city | -0.0750552 | 0.0111235 | 0.0861787 |
| Beaverton city | -0.0785443 | 0.0189386 | 0.0974829 |
| Hillsboro city | -0.0872313 | 0.0165104 | 0.1037418 |
| city | black_diff | black_arrests_percnt | black_percnt |
|---|---|---|---|
| Portland city | 0.1862276 | 0.2297201 | 0.0434925 |
| Gresham city | 0.1664383 | 0.2016690 | 0.0352307 |
| Tigard city | 0.1014884 | 0.1153684 | 0.0138800 |
| Beaverton city | 0.0943342 | 0.1155560 | 0.0212218 |
| Durham city | 0.0892667 | 0.1021268 | 0.0128601 |
| Tualatin city | 0.0659328 | 0.0748441 | 0.0089113 |
| Eugene city | 0.0596165 | 0.0733892 | 0.0137727 |
| Milwaukie city | 0.0586795 | 0.0705645 | 0.0118850 |
| Lake Oswego city | 0.0570853 | 0.0633214 | 0.0062360 |
| Salem city | 0.0563411 | 0.0687375 | 0.0123964 |
| Hillsboro city | 0.0554953 | 0.0761159 | 0.0206206 |
| West Linn city | 0.0509682 | 0.0573614 | 0.0063932 |
| Sherwood city | 0.0498899 | 0.0542420 | 0.0043521 |
| Gladstone city | 0.0494311 | 0.0563380 | 0.0069069 |
| Springfield city | 0.0487531 | 0.0569825 | 0.0082295 |
| Medford city | 0.0445965 | 0.0516458 | 0.0070493 |
| Corvallis city | 0.0443649 | 0.0547617 | 0.0103968 |
| Cornelius city | 0.0383482 | 0.0446504 | 0.0063022 |
| Dundee city | 0.0381107 | 0.0399637 | 0.0018530 |
| Oregon City city | 0.0374869 | 0.0452586 | 0.0077717 |
| Canby city | 0.0372199 | 0.0401366 | 0.0029167 |
| Keizer city | 0.0350995 | 0.0415755 | 0.0064760 |
| Newberg city | 0.0341159 | 0.0399637 | 0.0058477 |
| Ontario city | 0.0335197 | 0.0403037 | 0.0067840 |
| Lincoln City city | 0.0318133 | 0.0371113 | 0.0052980 |
| Hermiston city | 0.0307305 | 0.0351740 | 0.0044435 |
| Ashland city | 0.0287804 | 0.0384246 | 0.0096442 |
| Seaside city | 0.0270855 | 0.0381888 | 0.0111033 |
| Mount Angel city | 0.0262076 | 0.0276817 | 0.0014741 |
| Talent city | 0.0255452 | 0.0279330 | 0.0023878 |
| Astoria city | 0.0246091 | 0.0293238 | 0.0047147 |
| Dallas city | 0.0240196 | 0.0267490 | 0.0027293 |
| Albany city | 0.0235346 | 0.0292897 | 0.0057551 |
| Central Point city | 0.0232292 | 0.0275984 | 0.0043691 |
| Philomath city | 0.0174354 | 0.0239774 | 0.0065421 |
| Newport city | 0.0173853 | 0.0214805 | 0.0040952 |
| Pendleton city | 0.0163515 | 0.0306147 | 0.0142632 |
| Grants Pass city | 0.0145665 | 0.0190831 | 0.0045166 |
| Reedsport city | 0.0142051 | 0.0162933 | 0.0020882 |
| Roseburg city | 0.0133484 | 0.0180775 | 0.0047291 |
| La Grande city | 0.0130005 | 0.0201401 | 0.0071396 |
| Winston city | 0.0128316 | 0.0151427 | 0.0023111 |
| Woodburn city | 0.0114104 | 0.0141014 | 0.0026910 |
| Coos Bay city | 0.0113537 | 0.0152323 | 0.0038786 |
| Hood River city | 0.0113482 | 0.0135135 | 0.0021653 |
| Stayton city | 0.0098453 | 0.0133630 | 0.0035177 |
| The Dalles city | 0.0096241 | 0.0136216 | 0.0039975 |
| Sweet Home city | 0.0090333 | 0.0116788 | 0.0026455 |
| Stanfield city | 0.0085394 | 0.0113379 | 0.0027985 |
| Warrenton city | 0.0063395 | 0.0112782 | 0.0049387 |
| Molalla city | 0.0063021 | 0.0089419 | 0.0026398 |
| Umatilla city | 0.0061581 | 0.0312837 | 0.0251256 |
| Phoenix city | 0.0059277 | 0.0126316 | 0.0067039 |
| city | latino_diff | latino_arrests_percnt | latino_percnt |
|---|---|---|---|
| Woodburn city | 0.3098694 | 0.7071707 | 0.3973013 |
| Mount Angel city | 0.1819975 | 0.3771626 | 0.1951651 |
| Hillsboro city | 0.0871046 | 0.2466769 | 0.1595724 |
| Dundee city | 0.0648254 | 0.1553134 | 0.0904880 |
| Beaverton city | 0.0597022 | 0.1824995 | 0.1227973 |
| Newberg city | 0.0547087 | 0.1553134 | 0.1006047 |
| Hermiston city | 0.0322257 | 0.3010590 | 0.2688333 |
| Lake Oswego city | 0.0297677 | 0.0657109 | 0.0359431 |
| Tualatin city | 0.0279002 | 0.1496881 | 0.1217880 |
| Keizer city | 0.0274935 | 0.1655726 | 0.1380790 |
| West Linn city | 0.0245677 | 0.0592734 | 0.0347057 |
| Canby city | 0.0242570 | 0.1596926 | 0.1354356 |
| Gresham city | 0.0219602 | 0.1569309 | 0.1349707 |
| Cornelius city | 0.0151796 | 0.3782645 | 0.3630849 |
| Durham city | 0.0138806 | 0.1414526 | 0.1275720 |
| Hood River city | 0.0096894 | 0.1627027 | 0.1530134 |
| Sherwood city | 0.0084380 | 0.0709318 | 0.0624939 |
| Dallas city | 0.0081686 | 0.0565844 | 0.0484158 |
| Portland city | 0.0078308 | 0.0879392 | 0.0801084 |
| Umatilla city | -0.0036837 | 0.3042071 | 0.3078908 |
| Astoria city | -0.0044273 | 0.0640335 | 0.0684609 |
| The Dalles city | -0.0051381 | 0.1385845 | 0.1437227 |
| Lincoln City city | -0.0071992 | 0.0752257 | 0.0824249 |
| Corvallis city | -0.0084357 | 0.0675965 | 0.0760322 |
| Salem city | -0.0084670 | 0.1426767 | 0.1511436 |
| Oregon City city | -0.0092845 | 0.0490302 | 0.0583147 |
| Stanfield city | -0.0111158 | 0.2267574 | 0.2378731 |
| Grants Pass city | -0.0114476 | 0.0530603 | 0.0645079 |
| La Grande city | -0.0158912 | 0.0280210 | 0.0439122 |
| Warrenton city | -0.0207092 | 0.0332975 | 0.0540067 |
| Albany city | -0.0225748 | 0.0671157 | 0.0896905 |
| Sweet Home city | -0.0232038 | 0.0124088 | 0.0356125 |
| Winston city | -0.0234045 | 0.0133955 | 0.0368000 |
| Reedsport city | -0.0255216 | 0.0183299 | 0.0438515 |
| Gladstone city | -0.0280064 | 0.0387324 | 0.0667388 |
| Tigard city | -0.0283566 | 0.0644211 | 0.0927776 |
| Roseburg city | -0.0289021 | 0.0187270 | 0.0476291 |
| Philomath city | -0.0305506 | 0.0324401 | 0.0629907 |
| Coos Bay city | -0.0327226 | 0.0258949 | 0.0586175 |
| Stayton city | -0.0336891 | 0.0757238 | 0.1094129 |
| Ashland city | -0.0377530 | 0.0177714 | 0.0555243 |
| Pendleton city | -0.0390412 | 0.0420952 | 0.0811364 |
| Central Point city | -0.0417565 | 0.0293600 | 0.0711165 |
| Milwaukie city | -0.0460225 | 0.0141129 | 0.0601354 |
| Seaside city | -0.0470185 | 0.0485543 | 0.0955727 |
| Newport city | -0.0497564 | 0.0710509 | 0.1208073 |
| Eugene city | -0.0498415 | 0.0261545 | 0.0759960 |
| Molalla city | -0.0595590 | 0.0357675 | 0.0953266 |
| Springfield city | -0.0628282 | 0.0302180 | 0.0930462 |
| Talent city | -0.0637843 | 0.0474860 | 0.1112703 |
| Medford city | -0.0700871 | 0.0385655 | 0.1086526 |
| Phoenix city | -0.0745663 | 0.0315789 | 0.1061453 |
| Ontario city | -0.2593192 | 0.0081776 | 0.2674968 |
| city | native_diff | native_arrests_percnt | native_percnt |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pendleton city | 0.1554541 | 0.1836881 | 0.0282341 |
| Hood River city | 0.0581331 | 0.0616216 | 0.0034885 |
| The Dalles city | 0.0468961 | 0.0550785 | 0.0081824 |
| Newport city | 0.0281345 | 0.0386649 | 0.0105304 |
| Stanfield city | 0.0211475 | 0.0272109 | 0.0060634 |
| Reedsport city | 0.0157650 | 0.0234216 | 0.0076566 |
| Hermiston city | 0.0129709 | 0.0177761 | 0.0048052 |
| Portland city | 0.0107059 | 0.0162369 | 0.0055310 |
| Tigard city | 0.0096069 | 0.0122105 | 0.0026036 |
| West Linn city | 0.0092438 | 0.0114723 | 0.0022285 |
| Gresham city | 0.0068277 | 0.0129810 | 0.0061533 |
| Sherwood city | 0.0062639 | 0.0097357 | 0.0034719 |
| Tualatin city | 0.0057392 | 0.0083160 | 0.0025768 |
| Lincoln City city | 0.0053254 | 0.0240722 | 0.0187468 |
| Hillsboro city | 0.0052648 | 0.0086750 | 0.0034101 |
| Beaverton city | 0.0047942 | 0.0076970 | 0.0029027 |
| Ontario city | 0.0046066 | 0.0128505 | 0.0082439 |
| Milwaukie city | 0.0043512 | 0.0100806 | 0.0057294 |
| Cornelius city | 0.0035645 | 0.0075821 | 0.0040176 |
| Corvallis city | 0.0030090 | 0.0069308 | 0.0039218 |
| Durham city | 0.0027528 | 0.0063537 | 0.0036008 |
| Eugene city | 0.0018896 | 0.0081052 | 0.0062155 |
| Philomath city | 0.0014618 | 0.0098731 | 0.0084112 |
| Dundee city | 0.0012895 | 0.0049955 | 0.0037060 |
| Salem city | 0.0012332 | 0.0092145 | 0.0079813 |
| Lake Oswego city | 0.0011374 | 0.0023895 | 0.0012521 |
| Umatilla city | 0.0011136 | 0.0151025 | 0.0139889 |
| Talent city | 0.0004927 | 0.0055866 | 0.0050939 |
| Newberg city | 0.0003014 | 0.0049955 | 0.0046941 |
| Gladstone city | 0.0000348 | 0.0046948 | 0.0046601 |
| Warrenton city | -0.0002464 | 0.0064447 | 0.0066911 |
| Oregon City city | -0.0004538 | 0.0043103 | 0.0047642 |
| Coos Bay city | -0.0004918 | 0.0137091 | 0.0142008 |
| Winston city | -0.0006675 | 0.0110658 | 0.0117333 |
| Medford city | -0.0011250 | 0.0050970 | 0.0062220 |
| Mount Angel city | -0.0012568 | 0.0034602 | 0.0047170 |
| Keizer city | -0.0013591 | 0.0065646 | 0.0079236 |
| Phoenix city | -0.0013761 | 0.0042105 | 0.0055866 |
| Woodburn city | -0.0015987 | 0.0009001 | 0.0024988 |
| La Grande city | -0.0024230 | 0.0052539 | 0.0076770 |
| Ashland city | -0.0027483 | 0.0024015 | 0.0051498 |
| Seaside city | -0.0027702 | 0.0032733 | 0.0060436 |
| Molalla city | -0.0028116 | 0.0014903 | 0.0043019 |
| Roseburg city | -0.0029518 | 0.0086599 | 0.0116117 |
| Central Point city | -0.0030731 | 0.0023488 | 0.0054219 |
| Canby city | -0.0032735 | 0.0008540 | 0.0041275 |
| Albany city | -0.0038014 | 0.0032109 | 0.0070123 |
| Grants Pass city | -0.0044706 | 0.0034908 | 0.0079614 |
| Astoria city | -0.0058660 | 0.0017953 | 0.0076613 |
| Dallas city | -0.0060688 | 0.0082305 | 0.0142993 |
| Springfield city | -0.0061947 | 0.0023743 | 0.0085690 |
| Stayton city | -0.0067491 | 0.0022272 | 0.0089762 |
| Sweet Home city | -0.0077994 | 0.0014599 | 0.0092593 |
| city | other_diff | other_arrests_percnt | other_percnt |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hood River city | 0.1523684 | 0.1551351 | 0.0027668 |
| Newport city | 0.1035567 | 0.1087244 | 0.0051677 |
| Sherwood city | 0.0911312 | 0.0931850 | 0.0020538 |
| Seaside city | 0.0843204 | 0.0878342 | 0.0035137 |
| Lincoln City city | 0.0830687 | 0.0882648 | 0.0051961 |
| Warrenton city | 0.0773312 | 0.0816327 | 0.0043014 |
| Dallas city | 0.0704548 | 0.0740741 | 0.0036193 |
| Keizer city | 0.0583161 | 0.0619985 | 0.0036824 |
| Reedsport city | 0.0577485 | 0.0651731 | 0.0074246 |
| Tigard city | 0.0510874 | 0.0551579 | 0.0040705 |
| Tualatin city | 0.0478106 | 0.0512821 | 0.0034715 |
| West Linn city | 0.0401412 | 0.0439771 | 0.0038359 |
| Stayton city | 0.0390411 | 0.0423163 | 0.0032751 |
| Milwaukie city | 0.0372248 | 0.0423387 | 0.0051139 |
| Grants Pass city | 0.0339558 | 0.0381662 | 0.0042104 |
| Molalla city | 0.0339336 | 0.0372578 | 0.0033242 |
| Canby city | 0.0306083 | 0.0333049 | 0.0026966 |
| Philomath city | 0.0279369 | 0.0296192 | 0.0016822 |
| Beaverton city | 0.0277005 | 0.0315981 | 0.0038977 |
| Lake Oswego city | 0.0259404 | 0.0298686 | 0.0039282 |
| Gladstone city | 0.0240082 | 0.0281690 | 0.0041608 |
| Oregon City city | 0.0230538 | 0.0269397 | 0.0038859 |
| Mount Angel city | 0.0224526 | 0.0242215 | 0.0017689 |
| Salem city | 0.0214933 | 0.0249684 | 0.0034751 |
| Astoria city | 0.0176515 | 0.0239378 | 0.0062862 |
| The Dalles city | 0.0158911 | 0.0189517 | 0.0030606 |
| Central Point city | 0.0153080 | 0.0182032 | 0.0028952 |
| Hillsboro city | 0.0149716 | 0.0188890 | 0.0039174 |
| Corvallis city | 0.0128432 | 0.0178831 | 0.0050399 |
| Durham city | 0.0127494 | 0.0204655 | 0.0077160 |
| Cornelius city | 0.0122736 | 0.0143218 | 0.0020482 |
| Gresham city | 0.0119291 | 0.0152990 | 0.0033699 |
| Sweet Home city | 0.0096969 | 0.0138686 | 0.0041718 |
| Phoenix city | 0.0090562 | 0.0126316 | 0.0035754 |
| Medford city | 0.0064538 | 0.0101941 | 0.0037402 |
| La Grande city | 0.0060241 | 0.0096322 | 0.0036082 |
| Albany city | 0.0056287 | 0.0092411 | 0.0036124 |
| Ashland city | 0.0055644 | 0.0182517 | 0.0126873 |
| Woodburn city | 0.0052017 | 0.0072007 | 0.0019990 |
| Umatilla city | 0.0046991 | 0.0075512 | 0.0028521 |
| Portland city | 0.0032684 | 0.0083458 | 0.0050774 |
| Stanfield city | 0.0026695 | 0.0045351 | 0.0018657 |
| Eugene city | 0.0025567 | 0.0077646 | 0.0052079 |
| Hermiston city | 0.0024388 | 0.0037821 | 0.0013434 |
| Coos Bay city | 0.0021372 | 0.0050774 | 0.0029403 |
| Newberg city | 0.0019721 | 0.0049955 | 0.0030233 |
| Dundee city | 0.0015983 | 0.0049955 | 0.0033972 |
| Ontario city | 0.0004991 | 0.0035047 | 0.0030056 |
| Roseburg city | 0.0002127 | 0.0034640 | 0.0032513 |
| Pendleton city | -0.0002120 | 0.0035877 | 0.0037996 |
| Springfield city | -0.0013783 | 0.0025182 | 0.0038965 |
| Winston city | -0.0016611 | 0.0034945 | 0.0051556 |
| Talent city | -0.0026910 | 0.0055866 | 0.0082776 |
| city | pacific_diff | pacific_arrests_percnt | pacific_percnt |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tualatin city | 0.0369927 | 0.0450450 | 0.0080524 |
| West Linn city | 0.0106320 | 0.0114723 | 0.0008402 |
| Mount Angel city | 0.0100858 | 0.0103806 | 0.0002948 |
| Tigard city | 0.0074583 | 0.0143158 | 0.0068575 |
| Reedsport city | 0.0071283 | 0.0071283 | 0.0000000 |
| Salem city | 0.0069339 | 0.0153823 | 0.0084485 |
| La Grande city | 0.0060050 | 0.0306480 | 0.0246430 |
| Lake Oswego city | 0.0048689 | 0.0059737 | 0.0011048 |
| Milwaukie city | 0.0039313 | 0.0070565 | 0.0031251 |
| Dallas city | 0.0031066 | 0.0041152 | 0.0010087 |
| Beaverton city | 0.0031032 | 0.0067855 | 0.0036823 |
| Dundee city | 0.0029972 | 0.0045413 | 0.0015442 |
| Umatilla city | 0.0029646 | 0.0032362 | 0.0002716 |
| Newberg city | 0.0029501 | 0.0045413 | 0.0015912 |
| Sherwood city | 0.0029227 | 0.0055633 | 0.0026406 |
| Portland city | 0.0027849 | 0.0068845 | 0.0040996 |
| Molalla city | 0.0027111 | 0.0044709 | 0.0017599 |
| Oregon City city | 0.0026868 | 0.0043103 | 0.0016235 |
| Gresham city | 0.0025233 | 0.0097357 | 0.0072124 |
| Keizer city | 0.0022513 | 0.0087527 | 0.0065014 |
| Newport city | 0.0018585 | 0.0042961 | 0.0024376 |
| Hood River city | 0.0018013 | 0.0021622 | 0.0003609 |
| Talent city | 0.0016790 | 0.0027933 | 0.0011143 |
| The Dalles city | 0.0015294 | 0.0085875 | 0.0070581 |
| Cornelius city | 0.0013763 | 0.0042123 | 0.0028360 |
| Stayton city | 0.0011355 | 0.0022272 | 0.0010917 |
| Hillsboro city | 0.0010099 | 0.0046173 | 0.0036074 |
| Ashland city | 0.0008341 | 0.0033622 | 0.0025281 |
| Phoenix city | 0.0007645 | 0.0021053 | 0.0013408 |
| Canby city | 0.0006623 | 0.0017079 | 0.0010456 |
| Winston city | 0.0004046 | 0.0005824 | 0.0001778 |
| Stanfield city | 0.0004019 | 0.0022676 | 0.0018657 |
| Seaside city | 0.0003717 | 0.0016367 | 0.0012649 |
| Ontario city | 0.0003095 | 0.0011682 | 0.0008587 |
| Grants Pass city | 0.0003052 | 0.0018618 | 0.0015566 |
| Central Point city | 0.0000934 | 0.0029360 | 0.0028426 |
| Woodburn city | 0.0000469 | 0.0012001 | 0.0011533 |
| Astoria city | -0.0000618 | 0.0023938 | 0.0024556 |
| Philomath city | -0.0000849 | 0.0014104 | 0.0014953 |
| Roseburg city | -0.0002265 | 0.0010825 | 0.0013090 |
| Coos Bay city | -0.0002837 | 0.0020310 | 0.0023147 |
| Sweet Home city | -0.0002876 | 0.0007299 | 0.0010175 |
| Pendleton city | -0.0003400 | 0.0004784 | 0.0008184 |
| Hermiston city | -0.0005022 | 0.0015129 | 0.0020151 |
| Medford city | -0.0005195 | 0.0035004 | 0.0040199 |
| Lincoln City city | -0.0006271 | 0.0010030 | 0.0016302 |
| Corvallis city | -0.0009649 | 0.0021391 | 0.0031040 |
| Gladstone city | -0.0010644 | 0.0023474 | 0.0034118 |
| Albany city | -0.0016578 | 0.0006265 | 0.0022843 |
| Eugene city | -0.0020539 | 0.0003746 | 0.0024285 |
| Warrenton city | -0.0021121 | 0.0010741 | 0.0031862 |
| Springfield city | -0.0028633 | 0.0001439 | 0.0030072 |
| Durham city | -0.0125612 | 0.0044141 | 0.0169753 |
Appendix A4 Data Distributions
Appendix B
source code available at https://github.com/russl-corey/Oregon_Crime
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
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